Digital Image Resolution Converter
Convert between dot/inch (DPI), pixel/inch (PPI), dot/millimeter, and other digital image resolution units with scientific precision.
⚠️ Important: Image resolution calculations require careful consideration of output medium. This tool provides technical conversions only. Always consult design professionals for critical printing and display applications.
Digital Image Resolution Units Explained
Dot per Inch (DPI)
A unit of image resolution measuring the number of individual dots of color per linear inch. 1 DPI = 1 dot/inch. Commonly used for printer specifications and print media.
Common uses: Printer specifications, scan resolution, print quality standards, and photographic print standards.
Pixel per Inch (PPI)
A unit of image resolution measuring the number of individual pixels per linear inch. 1 PPI = 1 pixel/inch. More commonly used for digital display specifications.
Application: Screen resolution specifications, digital photography display, monitor specifications, and web image optimization.
Dot per Millimeter (dot/mm)
A metric unit of image resolution. 1 dot/mm ≈ 25.4 DPI. Used in international and metric-based printing and digital specifications.
Application: European printing standards, scientific imaging, microscopy image capture, and metric system documentation.
Dot per Meter (dot/m)
A metric unit equal to 1 dot/m = 0.001 dot/mm. Very fine resolution measurement used for precision digital imaging.
Application: High-precision imaging, scientific research, archival standards, and detailed digital documentation.
DPI vs PPI: Understanding the Difference
While often used interchangeably, DPI and PPI have distinct meanings. DPI refers to physical printed dots on paper from a printer or printing press. PPI refers to pixels displayed on a digital screen or captured by a camera sensor.
Key distinction: DPI is output-dependent (printer capability), while PPI is inherent to the digital image file and display device. A digital image with 72 PPI will look sharp on a monitor but will be too low resolution for quality printing.
Resolution Standards & Recommendations
- Web images: 72 PPI standard (modern screens: 96-220 PPI actual)
- Standard computer monitors: 96 PPI (older CRT monitors were 72 PPI)
- High-density displays (Retina): 220+ PPI for sharp text and images
- Smartphone screens: 300-500+ PPI for crisp display
- Standard office printing: 300 DPI minimum for acceptable quality
- Photo printing: 600-1200 DPI for professional quality
- Magazine/brochure printing: 1200-2400 DPI for highest quality
- Document scanning: 200 DPI adequate for reading; 300+ DPI for archival
- Newspaper printing: 300-600 DPI (halftone screening at 150 LPI)
- T-shirt screen printing: 300-600 DPI for detailed designs
Important Resolution Considerations
- Upscaling limitation: You cannot improve image quality by simply increasing DPI/PPI; this is called upscaling and results in blurry images
- Downsampling: Reducing resolution (downsampling) can be done without significant quality loss if done properly
- Monitor display: Screen displays show actual pixel size; a 1920×1080 image always has the same pixel count regardless of stated PPI
- Print output: Printer quality depends on both resolution and print head technology; higher DPI doesn't always mean better quality
- File size: Higher resolution images create larger file sizes; balance quality needs with storage and bandwidth constraints
- Optical vs digital zoom: Optical zoom (lens-based) preserves quality; digital zoom interpolates pixels and may reduce quality